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ABSTRACT Introduction: Recently, the obesity rate in Chinese universities has increased substantially and the indicators of physical fitness have declined. The physical quality of college students is an alarming problem that cannot be ignored. The results of structured work could establish a basis for colleges and universities to formulate scientific functional physical training programs. Objective: Analyze the role of functional physical training in teaching physical education to male college students in colleges and universities. Methods: 116 male volunteer students from 4 colleges and universities were selected and divided into control and experimental groups. The groups received three physical education classes lasting 90 minutes for eight weeks. The experimental group received an additional 30 minutes of functional physical training. Both groups were tested for vital capacity, seated forward bending, standing long jump, 50-meter run, pull-up, and 1000-meter test. The tests were compared and statistica50-meteryzed. Results: After 1000-meters of training, the experimental group was superior to the control group on all measures except sitting forward flexion. The results showed significant changes (P<0.01). The restorative effect of the experimental group was significantly enhanced. There was no significant difference in body weight, BMI, 50-meter run, jump, vital capacity, pull-up, and other indicators before and after control training (P>0.05). Conclusion: The 8 weeks of functional physical training promoted a significant effect on improving the physical health of college students. Functional physical training should be appropriately reinforced in university physical education classes to improve students' physical fitness. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: Recentemente, a taxa de obesidade nas universidades chinesas tem aumentado substancialmente e os indicadores de aptidão física têm diminuído. A qualidade física dos estudantes universitários é um problema alarmante que não pode ser ignorado. Os resultados de um trabalho estruturado poderiam estabelecer uma base para que faculdades e universidades possam formular programas científicos de treinamento físico funcional. Objetivo: Analisar o papel do treinamento físico funcional no ensino da educação física de estudantes universitários do sexo masculino em faculdades e universidades. Métodos: Foram selecionados 116 estudantes voluntários do sexo masculino em 4 faculdades e universidades, divididos em dois grupos: controle e experimental. Os grupos receberam três aulas de educação física com duração de 90 minutos durante oito semanas. O grupo experimental recebeu 30 minutos adicionais de treinamento físico funcional. Os dois grupos foram testados quanto à capacidade vital, flexão sentado para frente, salto em pé à distância, corrida de 50 metros, pull-up e teste de 1000 metros. Os testes foram comparados e analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: Após oito semanas de treinamento, o grupo experimental foi superior ao grupo de controle em todas as medidas, exceto a flexão sentado. Os resultados apresentaram alterações significativas (P<0,01). O efeito restaurador do grupo experimental foi significativamente aprimorado. Não houve diferença significativa no peso corporal, IMC, 50 metros de corrida, salto, capacidade vital, pull-up e outros indicadores antes e depois do treinamento controle (P>0,05). Conclusão: As 8 semanas de treinamento físico funcional promoveram um efeito significativo na melhoria da saúde física dos estudantes universitários. O treinamento físico funcional deve ser adequadamente reforçado nas aulas de educação física universitária para melhorar a aptidão física dos estudantes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: Recientemente, la tasa de obesidad en las universidades chinas ha aumentado considerablemente y los indicadores de aptitud física han disminuido. La calidad física de los estudiantes universitarios es un problema alarmante que no se puede ignorar. Los resultados de un trabajo estructurado podrían sentar las bases para que los colegios y universidades formulen programas científicos de entrenamiento físico funcional. Objetivo: Analizar el papel del entrenamiento físico funcional en la enseñanza de la educación física de los estudiantes universitarios varones en los colegios y universidades. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 116 estudiantes voluntarios varones de 4 colegios y universidades, divididos en dos grupos: control y experimental. Los grupos recibieron tres clases de educación física de 90 minutos durante ocho semanas. El grupo experimental recibió 30 minutos adicionales de entrenamiento físico funcional. Ambos grupos fueron sometidos a pruebas de capacidad vital, flexión hacia delante sentada, salto de longitud de pie, carrera de 50 metros, dominadas y prueba de 1000 metros. Las pruebas se compararon y se analizaron estadísticamente. Resultados: Tras ocho semanas de entrenamiento, el grupo experimental fue superior al grupo de control en todas las medidas, excepto en la flexión hacia delante en posición sentada. Los resultados mostraron cambios significativos (P<0,01). El efecto restaurador del grupo experimental fue significativamente mayor. No hubo diferencias significativas en el peso corporal, el IMC, la carrera de 50 metros, el salto, la capacidad vital, la dominada y otros indicadores antes y después del entrenamiento de control (P>0,05). Conclusión: Las 8 semanas de entrenamiento físico funcional promovieron un efecto significativo en la mejora de la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios. El entrenamiento físico funcional debe reforzarse adecuadamente en las clases de educación física de la universidad para mejorar la aptitud física de los estudiantes. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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Objective@#To investigate the impact of overweight and obesity on knee joint biomechanics during running in children and to provide theoretical support for scientific exercise prescription and reduced risk of exercise injury in overweight and obese children.@*Methods@#Fifteen children aged 7-11 years old with normal weight (healthy group) and overweight/obesity (overweight/obesity group) were selected from June to August 2020. Participants ran through the force measuring platform at a speed of [3.5×(1-5%)~3.5×(1+5%)]m/s. The kinematic and dynamic data of the knee joint were collected simultaneously by the Simi Motion motion capture system and the Kistler three dimensional force measuring platform, and the surface area and density of the tibial plateau were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The difference of knee joint angle, impact mechanics and knee joint torque based on tibial plateau dimension were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#The knee abduction peak angle of the overweight/obesity group[(6.14±4.16)°] was higher than that of the healthy group[(2.57±1.36)°] ( t=-3.16, P < 0.05 ). Based on the standardization of tibial plateau dimension, the impact mechanics (peak vertical ground reaction force, peak impact force, maximum load rate and average load rate) and knee joint torque (knee flexion, extension, adduction peak torque) in the overweight/ obesity group were higher than those in the healthy group ( t=-4.26, -4.52, -2.97, -2.74, -2.17, -4.27, -3.70, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Overweight/obese children show abnormal running mechanics and knee joint load. Higher joint load may indicate increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury among overweight/obese children.
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Objective@#To observe the effects of 8 week inspiratory muscle training on lung function, respiratory muscle strength, exercise performance, body composition and lipid metabolism in obese college students, and to provide a reference for optimizing rehabilitation plan for obese patients.@*Methods@#A total of 58 obese college students were randomly divided into experimental group(n=28) and control group(n=30). The experimental group received inspiratory muscle training with 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure(P Imax), 3 times a week for a total of 8 weeks. Except for the intensity set to 5% P Imax, other parameters in the control group were the same as those in the experimental group. Lung function, respiratory muscle strength, exercise performance, body composition and blood lipids were measured before and after intervention.@*Results@#The completion rates of the training program (adherence) in the experimental group and the control group were 98.0% and 99.2%, respectively. No serious adverse events occurred during intervention. After intervention, P Imax and 6 minute walk test (6MWT) distance increased (t=-7.44, -4.11, P<0.05), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate decreased after 6MWT (t=2.13, 2.63, P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in lung function, body composition and blood lipid level in the experimental group (P>0.05). There was no significant change in the above indexes in the control group (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Eight week inspiratory muscle training can effectively improve inspiratory muscle strength and exercise performance in obese college students, whereas it had no effects on expiratory muscle strength, lung function, body composition and blood lipid profiles.